what is Mangalyan?

What is Mangalyaan?

The Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), also called Mangalyaan ("Mars-craft", from Sanskrit: मंगल mangala, "Mars" and यान yāna, "craft, vehicle"), is a space probe orbiting Mars since 24 September 2014. It was launched on 5 November 2013 by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

Is Mangalyaan a satellite?

India's first Mars satellite 'Mangalyaan' enters orbit. India has successfully put asatellite into orbit around Mars, becoming the fourth nation or geo-bloc to do so. The Mangalyaan robotic probe, one of the cheapest interplanetary missions ever, will soon begin work studying the Red Planet's atmosphere.

The Indian Space Research Organisation’s (ISRO) first interplanetary mission, popularly known as Mangalyaan or Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), celebrated 1,000 earth days in its orbit on Monday, surpassing its designed mission life of six months.

Mangalyaan made India the first Asian nation to reach Mars orbit, and the first nation in the world to do so in its very first attempt. ISRO became the fourth space agency to reach Mars, after the Soviet space program, NASA, and the European Space Agency.

Newton's 3 Laws of Motion

Sir Isaac Newton was one of the greatest scientists and mathematicians that ever lived. He was born in England on December 25, 1643. He was born the same year that Galileo died. He lived for 85 years.Isaac Newton was raised by his grandmother. He attended Free Grammar School and then went on to Trinity College Cambridge. Newton worked his way through college. While at college he became interested in math, physics, and astronomy. Newton received both a bachelors and masters degree.
While Newton was in college he was writing his ideas in a journal. Newton had new ideas about motion, which he called his three laws of motion. He also had ideas about gravity, the diffraction of light, and forces. Newton's ideas were so good that Queen Anne knighted him in 1705. His accomplishments laid the foundations for modern science and revolutionized the world. Sir Isaac Newton died in 1727.

According to Newton's first law...

An object at rest will remain at rest unless acted on by an unbalanced force. An object in motion continues in motion with the same speed and in the same direction unless acted upon by an unbalanced force.This law is often called "the law of inertia".

What does this mean?

This means that there is a natural tendency of objects to keep on doing what they're doing. All objects resist changes in their state of motion. In the absence of an unbalanced force, an object in motion will maintain this state of motion.

According to Newton's second law...

Acceleration is produced when a force acts on a mass. The greater the mass (of the object being accelerated) the greater the amount of force needed (to accelerate the object).

What does this mean?

Everyone unconsciously knows the Second Law. Everyone knows that heavier objects require more force to move the same distance as lighter objects.

According to Newton's third law...

This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction equally hard. 

For every action there is an equal and opposite re-action.

What does this mean? 

This means that for every force there is a reaction force that is equal in size, but opposite in direction. That is to say that whenever an object pushes another object it gets pushed back in the opposite direction equally hard. 

Latest science facts

Latest Science Facts!!!

Light waves don’t always move in straight lines:

It is generally believed that light waves only move in straight lines. However, as per the recent research in 2010 using computer controlled hologram, it has been proved that light, too, can get twisted into knots. According to the study, when light passes through the hologram, it twists into different shapes, producing multiple knots.

Human radiations:

As per the recent studies and discoveries in the field of Physics, a nude human body constantly radiates around 1000 watts of heat and absorbs about 900 watts. However, once the person covers his body with clothes, the outflow of the heat flux reduces considerably due to the exterior barrier. The amount of heat outflow from the human body is more than enough in lightning up a 100 watt bulb for some time.

Anti-gravity movement:

Water can easily run against the gravitational pull when moving up narrow pipes. The process is described as ‘Capillary Action’. Water moves up in the narrow spaces without any assistance and against the gravitational force. This ability of the liquid proves that gravitational force can’t control the movement of every matter present on earth. At times, other forces (Surface tension, in this case) can defeat it.

Importance of Science and Technology

Importance of Science and Technology in National Development

Development at any phase is always linked with technology and technology happens when there is advancement in science. Hence science, technology and development are all proportional to each other.

Development is required in every individual to every nation in all aspects and for development to happen, science and technology go hand in hand. Basically science is known as the study of knowledge, which is made into a system and depends on analysing and understanding facts. Technology is basically the application of this scientific knowledge.

For any successful economy, particularly in today’s quest for knowledge based economies, science, technology and engineering are the basic requisites. If nations do not implement science and technology, then the chances of getting themselves developed becomes minimal and thus could be even rated as an undeveloped nation. Science and Technology is associated in all means with modernity and it is an essential tool for rapid development.

Modernization in every aspect of life is the greatest example of the implementation of science and technology in every nation. With the introduction of modern gadgets in every walk of life, life has become simple and this is possible only because of implementing science and technology together. Without having modern equipment’s in all sectors, be it in medicines, infrastructure, aviation, electricity, information technology or any other field, the advancement and benefits that we face today would not have been possible.

A nation who is not able to prosper on these grounds would never be able to sustain the lives there and may have to solely depend on other nations for the basic requirements. Such is the influence of science and technology for the development of a nation.

For every nation to get developed, the application of both science and technology has to go hand in hand. Villages are developed into towns and towns to cities and cities are expanding to greater horizons. This expansion has occurred through the expansion of science and technology over the years passed and will be more in the coming years.

Today, countries are classified as developed and developing countries. The major categorization is based on economy and the application of science and technology. If carefully analysed, one gets to understand that countries which have a strong base in science and technology are the ones that developed faster. A few examples are of countries like Russia, Japan, Brazil, China, India and many more.

It is estimated by the World Bank that seven of the ten largest economies of the world by 2020 would be in Asia, China, Japan, India, Thailand, Indonesia, South Korea, and Taiwan. A few decades ago, these countries were known to have poor policies, low discipline and no advancement and then with the introduction of science and technology in an effective manner, they have made ripples across the globe.

The role that science and technology has played in improving the life conditions across the globe is vivid, but the benefit has to been harvested maximum by all countries. Science and technology has made life a lot easier and also a lot better with the advancement of medicines and analysis on diseases. Apart from the medical side, there has been remarkable development in education, communication, agriculture, industry etc. the global economic output has increased 17 folds in the 20th century. In spite of the advancements in almost all sectors, still the world is not free from hunger, disease, pollution, illiteracy and poverty. The gap between the rich and the poor has widened. By the 21st century, with the right applications of research, development, and implications of science and technology a major difference could be brought about.

It goes without saying that, a nation’s development and prosperity is judged to a large extend by the status of science and technology of that nation. A scientifically unsophisticated society means an underdeveloped nation in al sectors. It is easily understood when analysing that countries like Japan and USA who invest a decent amount for research and development are in the highest stratum of development whereas countries like Nepal who invest very less amount in research and development remain in the lowest ladder of development.

Facts on senses

Learn about other perceived sense in the human body, the different senses of various animals, how each of the five main senses work and much more. Read on for exciting facts about senses!

• Senses are a collection of sensory organs or cells in the body that respond to particular physical occurrences. Senses send information collected to various parts of the brain where the data is interpreted and an appropriate response signal returned.

• The exact number of senses humans have is disputed due to the various definitions of what a 'sense' is. However, it is widely agreed that there are five main human senses: sight, hearing, taste, touch and smell.

• The five main sense organs are your eyes, ears, nose, tongue and skin.

• Sight or vision is the ability of the eye to detect and focus on images of visible light with photoreceptors found in the retina of the eye. Electrical nerve impulses are generated for different colors, hues and brightness.
• The two types of photoreceptors are rods and cones. Rods are sensitive to light, while cones identify different colors. It is generally agreed that these two receptors are two senses, one sense for color and one for brightness, which together make up the overall sense of sight.
• Hearing is a sense that detects the vibrations of sound. Mechanoreceptors in the inner ear in the form of tiny bones and hair-like fibers, turn motion or sound waves from the air into electrical nerve pulses that the brain can then interpret.
• The sense of touch is activated by neural receptors such as hair follicles found in the skin, but also pressure receptors on the tongue and throat.
• The taste of food, is detected by sensory cells called taste buds located on top of the tongue. There are five basic tastes: sweet, bitter, sour, salty and savoury.
• Smell, like taste, is deemed to be a chemical sense. There are hundreds of olfactory receptors or sensory cells in our nasal passage, each of which will bind itself to a different molecular smell feature.
• Around 80% of what we think is taste is actually smell. Flavor, is a combination of taste and smell perception. Test this yourself by holding your nose closed the next time you eat something, can you taste it very well? Chances are you can't.
• Other perceived human senses are debatable but generally include, the ability to detect temperature, pain, balance and kinesthetic (which is the relative positions of our body parts - test this sense by closing your eyes and touching your nose with a finger).
• There are many internal body stimuli that may be perceived as senses too. For example, chemoreceptors for detecting salt and carbon dioxide concentrations in the blood and stretch receptors in the lungs which control our breathing rate.
• Compared to animals, humans have a quite weak sense of smell.

• Animals have differences in how their receptors sense the world around them, for example dogs and sharks have a terrific sense of smell. While cats can see very well in dim light.
• Some animals have receptors in places that seem very unusual to us. Flies and butterflies, for example have taste organs on their feet, so they can taste anything they land on and catfish have taste organs across their entire bodies.

• Other animals have sense receptors we can only dream off. Some snakes have sensory organs that can detect infrared light, birds and bees can see ultraviolet light. While bats and dolphins use sonar sounds to interpret their surroundings.

• Certain fish and rays can detect changes in nearby electrical fields and many bird species use the Earth's magnetic fields to determine the direction they are flying.